Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux

Type de document

OUVRAGE SCIENTIFIQUE (OS)

Langue

anglais

Auteur

KHARDI ; KURNIAWAN

Résumé / Abstract

An aircraft counters the force of gravity by using either static lift or by using the dynamic lift of an airfoil, or in a few cases the downward thrust from jet engines. Aircraft classified by different criteria such as lift type (aerostats, aerodynes, fixed wing, and rotary wing), propulsion (unpowered and power), area of use (civil, military, experimental and model), manufactures and types (within any general category, aircraft are usually listed according to manufacturers and production type). However, this contribution only uses commercial aircraft that classified by fixed wing, power (propeller and jet), civil aircraft and manufacturer or production type. With the result, air transportation growth has increased continuously over the years. The rise in air transport activity has been accompanied by an increase in the amount of energy used to provide air transportation services. It is also assumed to increase environmental impacts, in particular aircraft noise and pollutant emissions. Aircraft noise generated by the engines (fan and exhaust) and the airframe (wings, flaps and landing gear) while aircraft pollutant emissions produced by the engines that caused by incomplete burning of hydrocarbons in the combustion chamber. These emissions are expected to be declined in the future through technological advanced in aircraft design, for which we are providing this chapter. Traditionally, aircraft environmental impacts have been addressed in two separate ways; noise and pollutant emissions that occur during the landing and take-off phase (LTO - local) and the non-LTO phase (cruise - regional / global) which are the focus of this contribution. There are many methods to asses aircraft noise and pollutant emissions used by various countries; however, using different and separate methodology will cause a variation in results, some lack of information and the use of certain methods will require justification and reliability that must be demonstrated and proven. In related to this issue and considering there is no methods of the combination for assessing aircraft pollutant and noise emissions, this research identifies, improves, develops and combines the methodologies of pollutant and noise emissions, integrated with the ICAO concept of a Balanced Approach for short term and long term predictions. The main objectives of this contribution is the analysis of the combination models of aircraft pollutant and noise emissions reduction (Integrated Noise Monitoring, Emission Dispersion Modeling System and Artificial Neural Network) considering the aircraft types, engine types, operational mode and flight safety operational rule (operational restriction at airport). Future prospects are considered and assessment of the coming aircraft technologies in terms of active and passive reduction systems will be also performed according to the future aircraft design and the safety operations. This will help airport authorities, Air Traffic Control, Political decision makers to decide, to manage and to provide reliable information on the impacts of aircraft depending on their types, design and safety systems. Aircraft design, types, safety

Editeur

Nova Science Publishers