Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux

Type de document

COMMUNICATION AVEC ACTES INTERNATIONAL (ACTI)

Langue

anglais

Auteur

GABAUDE ; CERF ; JALLAIS ; DOUISSEMBEKOV ; LETISSERAND ; PAIRE-FICOUT ; MICHAEL

Résumé / Abstract

Goal-directed and stimulus-driven processes interact during the deployment of attention while driving. Using road elements localization, we investigate the issue of the salience/relevance balance (SRB) in visual search by seeking to understand the influence of age, task demands and scene presentation conditions. Twenty-four older drivers (mean age = 71.3) and 24 younger experimented drivers (mean age = 35.4) were asked to localize as quickly as possible a target on a fixed driving scene (a pedestrian, a vehicle, a traffic light or a road-marking). Pictures of intersections were segmented in 9 sections and showed randomly under three different presentation conditions: original (scenes presented in their original form), partly jumbled (the target appeared in its original position, but the remaining sections were jumbled), or fully jumbled (all locations were jumbled, ensuring that the target was not in its original position). Half of the trials were administered while executing a competing task of semantic judgment (dual task), and the remainder without (single task). Eye movement strategies were analyzed. Two indices, Normalized Scanpath Salience and Normalized Scanpath Relevance were developed to compare data from salience maps and from relevance maps to visual scanning pathways. Results provide evidence for the existence of adjustments of SRB and the need of available attentional resources for such a setting. Furthermore, we show that, despite the greater driving experience of elderly drivers, there is a deleterious effect of the competing cognitive task on the organization of their visual search, which is not compensated by a relevance-oriented adjustment.

Editeur

ERTICO