Assessing pedestrian safety: the accident scenario approach
TIRA ; CLABAUX
Type de document
COMMUNICATION PAR AFFICHE (AFF)
Langue
anglais
Auteur
TIRA ; CLABAUX
Résumé / Abstract
The analysis of road accidents to the improvement of safety lays on four main complementary methods (Fleury et al., 1991): - the statistical analysis of accidents and risks, mainly based on the elaboration of the informations of accident statistical reports (that is the most common); -the detailed analysis of accidents (so called clinical approach), based on police accident minutes and on-site visits; that is based on accident informations and other relevant aspects within the study domain (Fleury et al., 1990), and on the evaluation of several samples of the whole population (Brenac et al., 1996); that is a crucial analysis to get a real comprehension of phenomena and solutions, but it is the less diffused, due to the economical load; - the analysis through accident scenarios. In the 80s the French Institut National de Recherche sur les Transports et leur Sécurité (INRETS) developed the definition of "typical accident scenarios": this technique is based on the analysis of Police accident reports occurred in an area, in order to classify their temporal and casual development, describing the different phases of the crash. Every group of accidents which have particular similarities constitutes a scenario, and for every scenario some solutions are proposed. An example follows of a typical accident scenario involving a pedestrian (see Table 1); - the cartographic analysis of located accidents (Fleury et al., 1990 ; Maternini, 1994 ; Tira and Brenac, 1999); through this method the so called black sposts can be identified and so possible links among accidents and the urban environement and road layout and management can be assessed. The poster illustrates an example of a combined approach among the third and the fourth and how an e-tool can help in the representation and analysis of accidents and accident scenarios.
Editeur
ICTCT ; OCDE
