Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux

Type de document

CHAPITRE D'OUVRAGE (CO)

Langue

anglais

Auteur

TIJUS ; BARCENILLA ; CAMBON-DE-LAVALETTE ; MEUNIER

Résumé / Abstract

Pictograms form part of our daily lives through their use in medication, transport, computers, etc., because they indicate - in iconic form - places, directions, actions or constraints on actions in either the real world (a town, a road, etc.) or virtual space (computer desktop, Internet, etc.). This chapter is essentially a review of research on the pictogram effect, which can be summed up as follows: a pictogram is better than a label, and recognizing an image is easier than reading text (Norman, 1990). This review covers theoretical and experimental studies from linguistics, psychology and cognitive ergonomics on the design and validation, comprehension and usage of pictograms. Among the various methods, an emphasis is placed on classification and the creation of pictogram taxonomies as tools for homogenization and design.

Editeur

Kluwer